HTML5, the fifth iteration of the HyperText Markup Language, is used to structure content on the web and includes numerous enhancements over its predecessor, HTML4. Key features of HTML5 include:
New semantic elements: Elements such as <header>, <footer>, <article>, and <section> provide clearer context and structure for web pages.
Multimedia support: Native support for audio and video elements simplifies the integration of multimedia content without relying on third-party plugins.
Canvas element: This element offers a 2D drawing surface for creating dynamic graphics and animations.
Geolocation API: Allows websites to access the user's geographical location with their consent.
Web Workers: Facilitate background processing and parallel execution of JavaScript code without hindering the performance of the main browser thread.
Local Storage: Provides a more efficient and secure method for client-side data storage.
Enhanced form elements: Improved input types and validation features lead to a better user experience and easier form management.
Multiple elements in HTML can have the same class value, whereas a value of id attribute of one element cannot be associated with another HTML element.
To optimize website load time we need to optimize its asset loading and for that:
CDN hosting - A CDN or content delivery network is geographically distributed servers to help reduce latency.
File compression - This is a method that helps to reduce the size of an asset to reduce the data transfer
File concatenation - This reduces the number of HTTP calls
Minify scripts - This reduces the overall file size of js and CSS files
Parallel downloads - Hosting assets in multiple subdomains can help to bypass the download limit of 6 assets per domain of all modern browsers. This can be configured but most general users never modify these settings.
Lazy Loading - Instead of loading all the assets at once, the non-critical assets can be loaded on a need basis.
The three kinds of Doctypes which are available:
Strict Doctype
Transitional Doctype
Frameset Doctype
When we use the attribute “visibility: hidden” for an HTML element then that element will be hidden from the webpage but still takes up space. Whereas, if we use the “display: none” attribute for an HTML element then the element will be hidden, and also it won’t take up any space on the webpage.
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